City benchmarks

Shanghai leads through more than scale.
It concentrates national functions.

Compare scale, growth, industrial structure, output per person, and household income across Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou.

上海

5,392.7 CNY bn

北京

4,984.3 CNY bn

深圳

3,680.2 CNY bn

广州

3,103.2 CNY bn

City	GDP (CNY bn)	Real growth	Services share	GDP per capita (CNY)	Household income (CNY)
上海	5,392.7	5.0%	78.2%	217,100	88,366
北京	4,984.3	5.2%	85.3%	228,000	85,415
深圳	3,680.2	5.8%	62.1%	205,714	81,123
广州	3,103.2	2.1%	73.7%	164,171	未披露统一口径

Source: 2024 statistical bulletins published by Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou.

Shanghai leads through more than scale.It concentrates national functions.